tomcat安装使用

1. 下载

wget https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/apache/tomcat/tomcat-8/v8.5.57/bin/apache-tomcat-8.5.57.tar.gz

2. 解压

tar -xf apache-tomcat-8.5.57.tar.gz

3. 配置jdk环境

• 将jdk配置到环境变量，tomcat启动时若jdk未配置将自动寻找环境变量

vim /etc/profile
export JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/jdk1.8
export PATH=$PATH:$JAVA_HOME/bin
:wq
#更新
source /ect/profile

• 在tomcat启动脚本中配置

4. 将web服务与tomcat分离

mkdir test-web
cp -r /usr/local/tomcat/conf /usr/local/test-web/
cd test-web
mkdir logs webapps

#编写启动脚本
vim tomcat.sh
#!/bin/bash 
export JAVA_OPTS="-Xms100m -Xmx200m"
export JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/jdk1.8/
export CATALINA_HOME=/usr/local/tomcat
cd `dirname $0`
export CATALINA_BASE="`pwd`"

case $1 in
        start)
        $CATALINA_HOME/bin/catalina.sh start
                echo start success!!
        ;;
        stop)
                $CATALINA_HOME/bin/catalina.sh stop
                echo stop success!!
        ;;
        restart)
        $CATALINA_HOME/bin/catalina.sh stop
                echo stop success!!
                sleep 3
        $CATALINA_HOME/bin/catalina.sh start
        echo start success!!
        ;;
        version)
        $CATALINA_HOME/bin/catalina.sh version
        ;;
        configtest)
        $CATALINA_HOME/bin/catalina.sh configtest
        ;;
        esac
exit 0
:wq
#赋予执行权限
chmod +x tomcat.sh

5. 在webapps目录下建立服务

cd webapps
mkdir ROOT
echo 'hello tomcat!' > ROOT/index.html

6.启动并访问

/usr/local/test-web/tomcat.sh start

tomcat 源码构建

• 下载源码: https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/apache/tomcat/tomcat-8/v8.5.57/src/apache-tomcat-8.5.57-src.zip

• 解压

• apache-tomcat-8.5.57-src目录下添加pom.xml文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">

  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
  <groupId>org.apache.tomcat</groupId>
  <artifactId>Tomcat8.0</artifactId>
  <name>Tomcat8.0</name>
  <version>8.0</version>

  <build>
      <finalName>Tomcat8.0</finalName>
      <sourceDirectory>java</sourceDirectory>
      <testSourceDirectory>test</testSourceDirectory>
      <resources>
          <resource>
              <directory>java</directory>
          </resource>
      </resources>
      <testResources>
          <testResource>
              <directory>test</directory>
          </testResource>
      </testResources>
      <plugins>
          <plugin>
              <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
              <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
              <version>2.3</version>
              <configuration>
                  <encoding>UTF-8</encoding>
                  <source>1.8</source>
                  <target>1.8</target>
              </configuration>
          </plugin>
      </plugins>
  </build>

  <dependencies>
      <dependency>
          <groupId>junit</groupId>
          <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
          <version>4.12</version>
          <scope>test</scope>
      </dependency>
      <dependency>
          <groupId>org.easymock</groupId>
          <artifactId>easymock</artifactId>
          <version>3.4</version>
      </dependency>
      <dependency>
          <groupId>ant</groupId>
          <artifactId>ant</artifactId>
          <version>1.7.0</version>
      </dependency>
      <dependency>
          <groupId>wsdl4j</groupId>
          <artifactId>wsdl4j</artifactId>
          <version>1.6.2</version>
      </dependency>
      <dependency>
          <groupId>javax.xml</groupId>
          <artifactId>jaxrpc</artifactId>
          <version>1.1</version>
      </dependency>
      <dependency>
          <groupId>org.eclipse.jdt.core.compiler</groupId>
          <artifactId>ecj</artifactId>
          <version>4.5.1</version>
      </dependency>

  </dependencies>
</project>

• 在apache-tomcat-8.5.57-src 同级目录新建catalina-home并保证目录下面文件如下
• bin 从apache-tomcat-8.5.57-src拷入
• conf 从apache-tomcat-8.5.57-src拷入
• lib 自建空文件夹
• logs 自建空文件夹
• temp 自建空文件夹
• webapps 从apache-tomcat-8.5.57-src拷入
• work 自建空文件夹
• 在idea中打开，open apache-tomcat-8.5.57-src
• 配置启动(Edit Configurations)，选择一个Application启动程序
  • MainClass: org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap
  • Vm Options: -Dcatalina.home= 你存放tomcat的目录\apache-tomcat-8.5.57-src\catalina-home
• 启动 Tomcat

问题解决

• 启动报错 TestCookieFilter 报错找不到这个类CookieFilter

  • 解决方法：删除TestCookieFilter类

• 启动后，访问localhost:8080 报错 org.apache.jasper.JasperException: java.lang.NullPointerException

• 解决方案：
  org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap 静态代码块中添加

{
	JasperInitializer initializer = new JasperInitializer();
}

• 启动乱码

  • VM Options 添加参数:-Duser.language=en -Duser.region=US